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Sant'Eufemia a Maiella, Abruzzi, Italy
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Allenvale, Victoria, Australia
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Arizona, United States
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Collema fuscovirens Dat.: Oct. 3. 2012Lat.: 46.34972 Long.: 13.57223Code: Bot_662/2012_DSC_5350Habitat: Small pastures delimited by stone and rock walls; south oriented warm mountain slope, calcareous ground, fairly sunny and dry place, exposed to direct rain, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 630 m (2.100 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: Bare vertical calcareous rock (limestone or dolomite).Place: Bovec basin, pastures east of Plajerjeva skala place, north of Bovec, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comment: A few species up to 12 x 6 cm dimension in fairly humid state. Ref.:(1)
nhm2.uio.no/botanisk/lav/Photo_Gallery/PG_index.html (2)
www.stridvall.se/lichens/gallery/Collema/BBBB3687 (3) V. Wirth, Die Flechten Baden-Wuerttembergs, Vol.1. Ulmer (1995), p 347.(4) F.S. Dobson, Lichens, The Richmonds Publishing Ca.LTD (2005), p 154.
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Peltigera rufescensField Dog-lichenDate: May 10. 2008Lat.: 46.37966 Long.: 13.78834Code: Bot_260/2008-7818 Habitat: on top of a south oriented dirt road cut, almost full sun, dry, precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 5-7 deg C, elevation 890 m (2.900 feet)Substratum: moss and calcareous soil encrusted base of tree stumpPlace: Zadnjica valley, halfway from terminal parking place to the end of the dirt road, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia ECRef: C.Smith et all, The Lichens of Great Britain and Ireland, The British Lichen Society, (2009), p672I.Brodo, S.Sharnoff, S.Sharnoff, Lichens of North America, Yale Uni. Press (2001), p520V.Wirth, Die Flechen Baden-Wuerttembergs, Ulmer (1995), Vol.2, p689
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Peltigera canina (L.) Willd., syn.: Peltigera ulorrhiza (Flrke) Roum., Peltophora canina (L.) Clem, Pulmonaria terrestris Bory. Family: PeltigeraceaeEN: Dog Lichen, DE: Echte HundsflechteSlo.: pasji liajDat.: Oct. 12. 2021Lat.: 46.34956 Long.: 13.69225Code: Bot_1412/2021_4602Habitat: River bank, light mixed forest, at the base of a steep mountain, northeast aspect, locally almost flat terrain, calcareous ground, partly in shade, relatively cold and humid air place, exposed to direct rain, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 6-8 deg C, elevations 525 m (1.720 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: a medium size calcareous, moss overgrown boulder.Place: Lower Trenta valley, between villages Soa and Trenta, left bank of river Soa, next to Soa trail, near Trenta 46 farmhouse, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comments (pertain to pictures of Flicker album Peltigera canina): Dog lichens (genus Peltigera sp.) are large folios lichens, which often form extensive patches on ground, rocks or grassland. They grow mostly in woods but one can find them also on open places. Particularly the green ones are beautiful when moist and richly developed. To recognize them on genus level is not at all a problem. However, to determine them correctly (particularly gray-brown ones) on species level is sometimes quite a challenge, more so, if the thali are sterile that is without apothecia. The large difference in their appearance between being in dry or moist state are often striking. So, wrong determinations are quite common. Peltigera canina is a species, which is frequently confused with others, most often with very similar (and much more frequent) Peltigera membranacea. Peltigera canina can be distinguished from other species by irregular, shaggy, markedly bushy, confluent at the base, white rhizines and fuzzy tomentum on the upper side of the lobes. The underside has flattened, smooth and whitish veins (except sometimes in the middle of the thallus where they may be darker). Quite rare, roundish and very dark brown to black apothecia are also typical. Richly branched, woolly rhizines are most diagnostic (Ref.:1.) (see Fig.3a.). However, this rhizines form is not the only one present. Often several other shapes, including those common to Peltigera membranacea, are present or even dominant. Yet, no other Peltigera species has rhizines of this typical appearance than Peltigera canina.The lichen was one time used to treat rabies because the rhizines supposedly look like dogs' teeth (Ref.:4.).Ref.:(1) C.W.Smith, et all, The lichens of Great Britain and Ireland,The British Lichen Society (2009), p 667.(2) I.M. Brodo, S.D. Sharnoff, S.Sharnoff, Lichens of North America, Yale Uni. Press (2001), p 506.(3) V. Wirth, Die Flechten Baden-Wrttembergs, Teil. 2., Ulmer (1995), p 681.(4) F.S. Dobson, Lichens, The Richmonds Publishing Ca.LTD (2005), p 325.
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Canale Monterano, Lazio, Italy
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Arizona, United States
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Sant'Eufemia a Maiella, Abruzzi, Italy
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California, United States
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Lobaria pulmonariaLungwort, Lung Lichen, Echte LungenflechteSlo.: navadni pljuarDat.: Jan.24. 2011Lat.: 46.31661 Long.: 13.46331Code: Bot_486/2011_IMG3558 Habitat: Mountain secondary beach wood, step, south oriented slope, rocky calcareous ground, shallow soil layer, in shade, partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 5-8 deg C, elevation 910 m (3.000 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: fallen Fagus sylvatica, not yet rotten.Place: Uja valley, next to the trail from village aga to Planina Baban, south slopes of Mt. Kanin mountain group, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comments: Thallus width of about 35 cm (one foot). Lichen in a half dry condition. Growing solitary. Ref.:(1) V.Wirth, Die Flechen Baden-Wuerttembergs, Ulmer (1995), Vol. 2, p 563. (2) I.Brodo, S.Sharnoff, S.Sharnoff, Lichens of North America, Yale Uni. Press (2001), p417. (3) V.Wirth, R.Duell, Farbatlas Flechten ind Moose, Ulmer (2000), p67.
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California, United States
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Atherton, Queensland, Australia