Definition: Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS). Brussels, Belgium. URL for main institutional website, http://www.naturalsciences.be/\r\nURL for institutional specimen catalog, http://darwin.naturalsciences.be/
Definition: Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS). Brussels, Belgium. URL for main institutional website, http://www.naturalsciences.be/\r\nURL for institutional specimen catalog, http://darwin.naturalsciences.be/
Definition: Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia (ANSP). Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. URL for main institutional website is http://www.acnatsci.org/
Definition: All of the specimens in the type series of a species or infraspecific taxon other than the holotype (and, in botany, isotypes). Paratypes must have been at the disposition of the author at the time when the original description was created and must have been designated and indicated in the publication. Judgment must be exercised on paratype status, for only rarely are specimens explicitly cited as paratypes, but usually as "specimens examined,''other material seen", etc. [Zoo./Bot.]
Definition: All of the specimens in the type series of a species or infraspecific taxon other than the holotype (and, in botany, isotypes). Paratypes must have been at the disposition of the author at the time when the original description was created and must have been designated and indicated in the publication. Judgment must be exercised on paratype status, for only rarely are specimens explicitly cited as paratypes, but usually as "specimens examined,''other material seen", etc. [Zoo./Bot.]
Definition: The one specimen or other element used or designated by the original author at the time of publication of the original description as the nomenclatural type of a species or infraspecific taxon. A holotype may be 'explicit' if it is clearly stated in the originating publication or 'implicit' if it is the single specimen proved to have been in the hands of the originating author when the description was published
