Anne Isabelley Gondim, Martin Lindsey Christoffersen, Thelma Lúcia Pereira Dias
Zookeys
Figure 9.Some species of the order Velatida (A–H) and Forcipulatida (I–M) recorded in northeastern Brazil. Calyptraster coa (A–H) A Abactinal view, in detail the supradorsal membrane B Actinal view C Detail of the paxillae with long peduncles D Actinal view of the arm E Detail of the mouth F Detail of the actinal intermediate area G Abactinal view, in detail oscular valves H Actinal view; Coscinasterias tenuispina (I–M) I Abactinal view J Actinal view L Abactinal view of the arm, in detail the bivalve pedicallariae (optical microscopic image), and M Lateral view of the arms, in detail the bivalve pedicellariae (optical microscopic image).
Coscinasterias muricata, Eleven-armed Seastar. Location: Australia, Victoria, Cape Paterson, Bunurong Marine National Park, Eagle's Nest. Photographer: Mark Norman
The sunflower sea star (Pycnopodia helianthoides) is a large predatory sea star usually with 1624 limbs called rays. It is the largest sea star in the world. Sunflower sea stars can grow to have an arm span of 1 meter (3 ft 3 in) in diameter.[2] The color of the sunflower sea star ranges from bright orange, yellow and red to brown and sometimes to purple, with soft, velvet-textured bodies and 1624 arms with powerful suckers.[2][3] Most sea star species have a mesh-like skeleton that protects their internal organs.[4] Easily stressed by predators such as large fish and other sea stars, they can shed arms to escape, which will grow back within a few weeks. They are preyed upon by the king crab.[4]
Ed Bierman|sourceurl=https://flickr.com/photos/26216388@N02/8481035332%7Carchive=https://web.archive.org/web/20190111131551/https://www.flickr.com/photos/26216388@N02/8481035332/%7Creviewdate=2019-01-19 10:09:40|reviewlicense=cc-by-2.0|reviewer=FlickreviewR 2
Wikimedia Commons
Summary[edit] Description: Pisaster giganteus - Carmel, California. Date: 16 February 2013, 09:31. Source: Spiny Starfish. Author: Ed Bierman from CA, usa.
Summary[edit] Description: Note the hairs being pulled by the pedicellariae. Date: 22 December 2007, 16:07. Source: Pisaster on a hairy arm.. Author: Jerry Kirkhart from Los Osos, Calif.
Summary[edit] Description: English: Asterias rollestoni Bell, 1881 - Preserved specimen - Dry pedicellaria Asterias rollestoni (YPM IZ 080407). Digital Image: Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History; photo by Daniel J. Drew 2016 ; Location Country or area Japan Municipality Sagami Bay State province Kanagawa Prefecture Water body Pacific Ocean. Source: https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/1269525403. Author: Daniel J. Drew Gall L (2019). Invertebrate Zoology Division, Yale Peabody Museum. Yale University Peabody Museum. Occurrence dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/0lkr3w accessed via GBIF.org on 2019-02-04. https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/1269525403.