Western Marsh Orchid

Oudemolen, Drenthe, Netherlands

Dactylorhiza majalis ssp. majalis (Rchb,) Hunt Summerh., syn.: Orchis latifolia nomen ambiguum, Dactylorhiza comosa (Scop.) Sell.Western Marsh Orchid, DE: Breitblattrige FingerwurzSlo.: majska prstasta kukavicaDat.: June 06. 2012Lat.: 46.34647 Long.: 13.98599Code: Bot_627/2012_DSC3925Habitat: Alpine high marsh, grassland, flat terrain, acid ground, full sun, exposed to direct precipitations, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 3-5 deg C, elevation 1.215 m (4.000 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: humid soil.Place: Pokljuka flats, near the road from Gorjue villatge to Mrzli studenc place, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comments: Dactylorhiza majalisis a very variable species having several subspecies described, which taxonomy meaning is still disputed. Fortunately, only generally accepted subspecies 'majalis' is known in Slovenia. The species also often forms hybrids, not only with several species of its own genus, but also with members of genera Coeloglossum, Nigritella and Gymnadenia. Thus encounters with plants, which are not simple to be determined, are quite frequent. Generally one can find it almost in all European countries growing from plains up to 2.000 m elevation. It is not really a rare plant, but also not a common one. The seeds of this orchid contain no nutrition (endosperm) for the embryo. Thus, germination can take place only by means of infection with a root fungus, which provides initial nutrition.Dactylorhiza majalis loves marches and acid ground. Since these habitats are quickly disappearing from our world, at least at lower elevations, or because of the entry of nitrogen via fertilizers in them, it is highly endangered. Plants photographed were growing in a group of about twenty.Protected according to 'Uredba o zavarovanih prosto iveih rastlinskih vrstah' Ur.l. RS, t.46/2004 (Regulation on protected wild plants, Official gazette of Republic of Slovenia, No. 46/2004).Enlisted in the Slovene Red List of rare and endangered species, marked by "V" representing a vulnerable species.Ref.:(1) H. Baumann, S. Kuenkele, R. Lorenz, Orchideen Europas, Ulmer (2006), p 53. (2) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije, Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007) (in Slovene), p 771. (3) M.A. Fischer, W. Adler, K. Oswald, Exkursionsflora sterreich Liechtenstein, Sdtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 1040.(4) H. Haeupler, T. Muer, Bildatlas der Farn- und Bltenpflazen Deutschlands, Ulmer (2000), p 714.

Summary[edit] Description: Dactylorhiza baltica, Lithuania. Date: 060629. Source: Own work. Author: B.gliwa. Permission (Reusing this file): cc-by-sa-2.5.

Dactylorhiza majalis ssp. majalis (Rchb,) Hunt Summerh., syn.: Orchis latifolia nomen ambiguum, Dactylorhiza comosa (Scop.) Sell.Western Marsh Orchid, DE: Breitblattrige FingerwurzSlo.: majska prstasta kukavicaDat.: June 6. 2015Lat.: 46.42545 Long.: 13.59906Code: Bot_884/2015_IMG8162Picture file names: from Dactylorhiza-majalis-ssp-majalis_raw_10 to Dactylorhiza-majalis-ssp-majalis_raw_20.Habitat: steep, northwest oriented mountain slope, road side; loosely settled shallow scree, sand and stones with not much organic matter; quite humid place only sparsely overgrown; open, sunny place; calcareous bedrock; exposed to direct rain, elevation 1,150 m (3.800 feet), average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 4 - 6 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: sandy, skeletal, shallow soil.Place: Above the Mt. Mangart Alpine tool road, just after the bridge over 'Mangartski potok' stream, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comments: More than 30 plants have been growing on this unusual place. Most of them were recognized as Dactylorhiza majalis ssp. majalis (pictures 10 through 14) although many plants showed large variability and could be determine only as Dactylorhiza majalis agg, while the plant on pictures 18 and 19 is a hybrid, possibly with Dactilorhiza lapponica (among other possibilities) (Ref.:1), which has also been found at the same place. Such are smaller plants in the group shown on picture 17.The habitat is very unusual (picture 20). Usually Dactylorhiza majalis ssp. majalis grows on acid, wet grassland and marches. This place was much different. It was totally wiped off all soil, all vegetation, including trees and a section of Mt. Mangart's Alpine tool road fifteen years ago by a huge rockslide (estimated to 1.000.000 m3 of material), which destroyed and damaged 25 houses of the village Log pod Mangartom and took seven human lives 1.000 m lower at the bottom of the Koritnica valley. A new section of the road has been built and its quite steep, unstable and at that time totally barren banks have been fixed by iron mesh (the mash can be seen on picture 17). And yet, a portion of such a devastated place is today full of rare and protected orchids! Protected according to 'Uredba o zavarovanih prostoiveih rastlinskih vrstah'Url. RS, t. 46/2004 (Regulation of protection of wild growing plants, Official Gazette of Republic Slovenia, No.:46/2004). Enlisted in the Slovene Red List of rare and endangered species, marked by "V" representing a vulnerable species.Ref.:(1) Personal communication and confirmation of identification by Mr. Branko Dolinar.(2) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije, Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007) (in Slovene), p 771. (3) H. Kretzschmar, Die Orchideen Deutschlands und grenzender Lander, Quelle & Meyer (2008), p 94.(4) H. Baumann, S. Kuenkele, R. Lorenz, Orchideen Europas, Ulmer (2006), p 53. (5) B. Dolinar, Kukavievke v Sloveniji (Orchids in Slovenia), Pipinova Knjiga (2015) (in Slovenian), p 49.

Dactylorhiza longifolia Photographed by Algirdas, 14 June 2006, Lithuania : Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled GNU Free Documentation License.http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.htmlGFDLGNU Free Documentation Licensetruetrue. : This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license.:.. This licensing tag was added to this file as part of the GFDL licensing update.http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/CC-BY-SA-3.0Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0truetrue.

Dactylorhiza majalis ssp. majalis (Rchb,) Hunt Summerh., syn.: Orchis latifolia nomen ambiguum, Dactylorhiza comosa (Scop.) Sell.Western Marsh Orchid, DE: Breitblattrige FingerwurzSlo.: majska prstasta kukavicaDat.: June 6. 2015Lat.: 46.42545 Long.: 13.59906Code: Bot_884/2015_IMG8162Picture file names: from Dactylorhiza-majalis-ssp-majalis_raw_10 to Dactylorhiza-majalis-ssp-majalis_raw_20.Habitat: steep, northwest oriented mountain slope, road side; loosely settled shallow scree, sand and stones with not much organic matter; quite humid place only sparsely overgrown; open, sunny place; calcareous bedrock; exposed to direct rain, elevation 1,150 m (3.800 feet), average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 4 - 6 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: sandy, skeletal, shallow soil.Place: Above the Mt. Mangart Alpine tool road, just after the bridge over 'Mangartski potok' stream, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comments: More than 30 plants have been growing on this unusual place. Most of them were recognized as Dactylorhiza majalis ssp. majalis (pictures 10 through 14) although many plants showed large variability and could be determine only as Dactylorhiza majalis agg, while the plant on pictures 18 and 19 is a hybrid, possibly with Dactilorhiza lapponica (among other possibilities) (Ref.:1), which has also been found at the same place. Such are smaller plants in the group shown on picture 17.The habitat is very unusual (picture 20). Usually Dactylorhiza majalis ssp. majalis grows on acid, wet grassland and marches. This place was much different. It was totally wiped off all soil, all vegetation, including trees and a section of Mt. Mangart's Alpine tool road fifteen years ago by a huge rockslide (estimated to 1.000.000 m3 of material), which destroyed and damaged 25 houses of the village Log pod Mangartom and took seven human lives 1.000 m lower at the bottom of the Koritnica valley. A new section of the road has been built and its quite steep, unstable and at that time totally barren banks have been fixed by iron mesh (the mash can be seen on picture 17). And yet, a portion of such a devastated place is today full of rare and protected orchids! Protected according to 'Uredba o zavarovanih prostoiveih rastlinskih vrstah'Url. RS, t. 46/2004 (Regulation of protection of wild growing plants, Official Gazette of Republic Slovenia, No.:46/2004). Enlisted in the Slovene Red List of rare and endangered species, marked by "V" representing a vulnerable species.Ref.:(1) Personal communication and confirmation of identification by Mr. Branko Dolinar.(2) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije, Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007) (in Slovene), p 771. (3) H. Kretzschmar, Die Orchideen Deutschlands und grenzender Lander, Quelle & Meyer (2008), p 94.(4) H. Baumann, S. Kuenkele, R. Lorenz, Orchideen Europas, Ulmer (2006), p 53. (5) B. Dolinar, Kukavievke v Sloveniji (Orchids in Slovenia), Pipinova Knjiga (2015) (in Slovenian), p 49.

Summary[edit] Description: Dactylorhiza baltica. Date: 060621. Source: Own work. Author: B.gliwa. Permission(Reusing this file): cc-by-sa-2.5.

Dactylorhiza majalis ssp. majalis (Rchb,) Hunt Summerh., syn.: Orchis latifolia nomen ambiguum, Dactylorhiza comosa (Scop.) Sell.Western Marsh Orchid, DE: Breitblattrige FingerwurzSlo.: majska prstasta kukavicaDat.: June 06. 2012Lat.: 46.34647 Long.: 13.98599Code: Bot_627/2012_DSC3925Habitat: Alpine high marsh, grassland, flat terrain, acid ground, full sun, exposed to direct precipitations, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 3-5 deg C, elevation 1.215 m (4.000 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: humid soil.Place: Pokljuka flats, near the road from Gorjue villatge to Mrzli studenc place, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comments: Dactylorhiza majalisis a very variable species having several subspecies described, which taxonomy meaning is still disputed. Fortunately, only generally accepted subspecies 'majalis' is known in Slovenia. The species also often forms hybrids, not only with several species of its own genus, but also with members of genera Coeloglossum, Nigritella and Gymnadenia. Thus encounters with plants, which are not simple to be determined, are quite frequent. Generally one can find it almost in all European countries growing from plains up to 2.000 m elevation. It is not really a rare plant, but also not a common one. The seeds of this orchid contain no nutrition (endosperm) for the embryo. Thus, germination can take place only by means of infection with a root fungus, which provides initial nutrition.Dactylorhiza majalis loves marches and acid ground. Since these habitats are quickly disappearing from our world, at least at lower elevations, or because of the entry of nitrogen via fertilizers in them, it is highly endangered. Plants photographed were growing in a group of about twenty.Protected according to 'Uredba o zavarovanih prosto iveih rastlinskih vrstah' Ur.l. RS, t.46/2004 (Regulation on protected wild plants, Official gazette of Republic of Slovenia, No. 46/2004).Enlisted in the Slovene Red List of rare and endangered species, marked by "V" representing a vulnerable species.Ref.:(1) H. Baumann, S. Kuenkele, R. Lorenz, Orchideen Europas, Ulmer (2006), p 53. (2) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije, Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007) (in Slovene), p 771. (3) M.A. Fischer, W. Adler, K. Oswald, Exkursionsflora sterreich Liechtenstein, Sdtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 1040.(4) H. Haeupler, T. Muer, Bildatlas der Farn- und Bltenpflazen Deutschlands, Ulmer (2000), p 714.

Dactylorhiza longifolia Photographed by Algirdas, 14 June 2006, Lithuania : Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled GNU Free Documentation License.http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.htmlGFDLGNU Free Documentation Licensetruetrue. : This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license.:.. This licensing tag was added to this file as part of the GFDL licensing update.http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/CC-BY-SA-3.0Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0truetrue.

Dactylorhiza majalis ssp. majalis (Rchb,) Hunt Summerh., syn.: Orchis latifolia nomen ambiguum, Dactylorhiza comosa (Scop.) Sell.Western Marsh Orchid, DE: Breitblattrige FingerwurzSlo.: majska prstasta kukavicaDat.: June 06. 2012Lat.: 46.34647 Long.: 13.98599Code: Bot_627/2012_DSC3925Habitat: Alpine high marsh, grassland, flat terrain, acid ground, full sun, exposed to direct precipitations, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 3-5 deg C, elevation 1.215 m (4.000 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: humid soil.Place: Pokljuka flats, near the road from Gorjue villatge to Mrzli studenc place, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comments: Dactylorhiza majalisis a very variable species having several subspecies described, which taxonomy meaning is still disputed. Fortunately, only generally accepted subspecies 'majalis' is known in Slovenia. The species also often forms hybrids, not only with several species of its own genus, but also with members of genera Coeloglossum, Nigritella and Gymnadenia. Thus encounters with plants, which are not simple to be determined, are quite frequent. Generally one can find it almost in all European countries growing from plains up to 2.000 m elevation. It is not really a rare plant, but also not a common one. The seeds of this orchid contain no nutrition (endosperm) for the embryo. Thus, germination can take place only by means of infection with a root fungus, which provides initial nutrition.Dactylorhiza majalis loves marches and acid ground. Since these habitats are quickly disappearing from our world, at least at lower elevations, or because of the entry of nitrogen via fertilizers in them, it is highly endangered. Plants photographed were growing in a group of about twenty.Protected according to 'Uredba o zavarovanih prosto iveih rastlinskih vrstah' Ur.l. RS, t.46/2004 (Regulation on protected wild plants, Official gazette of Republic of Slovenia, No. 46/2004).Enlisted in the Slovene Red List of rare and endangered species, marked by "V" representing a vulnerable species.Ref.:(1) H. Baumann, S. Kuenkele, R. Lorenz, Orchideen Europas, Ulmer (2006), p 53. (2) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije, Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007) (in Slovene), p 771. (3) M.A. Fischer, W. Adler, K. Oswald, Exkursionsflora sterreich Liechtenstein, Sdtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 1040.(4) H. Haeupler, T. Muer, Bildatlas der Farn- und Bltenpflazen Deutschlands, Ulmer (2000), p 714.

Tulevase RB teele jääb suur ala väga rohkearvulise looduslike orhideedega. Ala hõlmab Sõjamäe-Lagedi tee äärt.

Dactylorhiza majalis ssp. majalis (Rchb,) Hunt Summerh., syn.: Orchis latifolia nomen ambiguum, Dactylorhiza comosa (Scop.) Sell.Western Marsh Orchid, DE: Breitblattrige FingerwurzSlo.: majska prstasta kukavicaDat.: June 6. 2015Lat.: 46.42545 Long.: 13.59906Code: Bot_884/2015_IMG8162Picture file names: from Dactylorhiza-majalis-ssp-majalis_raw_10 to Dactylorhiza-majalis-ssp-majalis_raw_20.Habitat: steep, northwest oriented mountain slope, road side; loosely settled shallow scree, sand and stones with not much organic matter; quite humid place only sparsely overgrown; open, sunny place; calcareous bedrock; exposed to direct rain, elevation 1,150 m (3.800 feet), average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 4 - 6 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: sandy, skeletal, shallow soil.Place: Above the Mt. Mangart Alpine tool road, just after the bridge over 'Mangartski potok' stream, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comments: More than 30 plants have been growing on this unusual place. Most of them were recognized as Dactylorhiza majalis ssp. majalis (pictures 10 through 14) although many plants showed large variability and could be determine only as Dactylorhiza majalis agg, while the plant on pictures 18 and 19 is a hybrid, possibly with Dactilorhiza lapponica (among other possibilities) (Ref.:1), which has also been found at the same place. Such are smaller plants in the group shown on picture 17.The habitat is very unusual (picture 20). Usually Dactylorhiza majalis ssp. majalis grows on acid, wet grassland and marches. This place was much different. It was totally wiped off all soil, all vegetation, including trees and a section of Mt. Mangart's Alpine tool road fifteen years ago by a huge rockslide (estimated to 1.000.000 m3 of material), which destroyed and damaged 25 houses of the village Log pod Mangartom and took seven human lives 1.000 m lower at the bottom of the Koritnica valley. A new section of the road has been built and its quite steep, unstable and at that time totally barren banks have been fixed by iron mesh (the mash can be seen on picture 17). And yet, a portion of such a devastated place is today full of rare and protected orchids! Protected according to 'Uredba o zavarovanih prostoiveih rastlinskih vrstah'Url. RS, t. 46/2004 (Regulation of protection of wild growing plants, Official Gazette of Republic Slovenia, No.:46/2004). Enlisted in the Slovene Red List of rare and endangered species, marked by "V" representing a vulnerable species.Ref.:(1) Personal communication and confirmation of identification by Mr. Branko Dolinar.(2) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije, Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007) (in Slovene), p 771. (3) H. Kretzschmar, Die Orchideen Deutschlands und grenzender Lander, Quelle & Meyer (2008), p 94.(4) H. Baumann, S. Kuenkele, R. Lorenz, Orchideen Europas, Ulmer (2006), p 53. (5) B. Dolinar, Kukavievke v Sloveniji (Orchids in Slovenia), Pipinova Knjiga (2015) (in Slovenian), p 49.

Dactylorhiza majalis ssp. majalis (Rchb,) Hunt Summerh., syn.: Orchis latifolia nomen ambiguum, Dactylorhiza comosa (Scop.) Sell.Western Marsh Orchid, DE: Breitblattrige FingerwurzSlo.: majska prstasta kukavicaDat.: June 6. 2015Lat.: 46.42545 Long.: 13.59906Code: Bot_884/2015_IMG8162Picture file names: from Dactylorhiza-majalis-ssp-majalis_raw_10 to Dactylorhiza-majalis-ssp-majalis_raw_20.Habitat: steep, northwest oriented mountain slope, road side; loosely settled shallow scree, sand and stones with not much organic matter; quite humid place only sparsely overgrown; open, sunny place; calcareous bedrock; exposed to direct rain, elevation 1,150 m (3.800 feet), average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 4 - 6 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: sandy, skeletal, shallow soil.Place: Above the Mt. Mangart Alpine tool road, just after the bridge over 'Mangartski potok' stream, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comments: More than 30 plants have been growing on this unusual place. Most of them were recognized as Dactylorhiza majalis ssp. majalis (pictures 10 through 14) although many plants showed large variability and could be determine only as Dactylorhiza majalis agg, while the plant on pictures 18 and 19 is a hybrid, possibly with Dactilorhiza lapponica (among other possibilities) (Ref.:1), which has also been found at the same place. Such are smaller plants in the group shown on picture 17.The habitat is very unusual (picture 20). Usually Dactylorhiza majalis ssp. majalis grows on acid, wet grassland and marches. This place was much different. It was totally wiped off all soil, all vegetation, including trees and a section of Mt. Mangart's Alpine tool road fifteen years ago by a huge rockslide (estimated to 1.000.000 m3 of material), which destroyed and damaged 25 houses of the village Log pod Mangartom and took seven human lives 1.000 m lower at the bottom of the Koritnica valley. A new section of the road has been built and its quite steep, unstable and at that time totally barren banks have been fixed by iron mesh (the mash can be seen on picture 17). And yet, a portion of such a devastated place is today full of rare and protected orchids! Protected according to 'Uredba o zavarovanih prostoiveih rastlinskih vrstah'Url. RS, t. 46/2004 (Regulation of protection of wild growing plants, Official Gazette of Republic Slovenia, No.:46/2004). Enlisted in the Slovene Red List of rare and endangered species, marked by "V" representing a vulnerable species.Ref.:(1) Personal communication and confirmation of identification by Mr. Branko Dolinar.(2) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije, Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007) (in Slovene), p 771. (3) H. Kretzschmar, Die Orchideen Deutschlands und grenzender Lander, Quelle & Meyer (2008), p 94.(4) H. Baumann, S. Kuenkele, R. Lorenz, Orchideen Europas, Ulmer (2006), p 53. (5) B. Dolinar, Kukavievke v Sloveniji (Orchids in Slovenia), Pipinova Knjiga (2015) (in Slovenian), p 49.

Dactylorhiza majalis ssp. majalis (Rchb,) Hunt Summerh., syn.: Orchis latifolia nomen ambiguum, Dactylorhiza comosa (Scop.) Sell.Western Marsh Orchid, DE: Breitblattrige FingerwurzSlo.: majska prstasta kukavicaDat.: June 6. 2015Lat.: 46.42545 Long.: 13.59906Code: Bot_884/2015_IMG8162Picture file names: from Dactylorhiza-majalis-ssp-majalis_raw_10 to Dactylorhiza-majalis-ssp-majalis_raw_20.Habitat: steep, northwest oriented mountain slope, road side; loosely settled shallow scree, sand and stones with not much organic matter; quite humid place only sparsely overgrown; open, sunny place; calcareous bedrock; exposed to direct rain, elevation 1,150 m (3.800 feet), average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 4 - 6 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: sandy, skeletal, shallow soil.Place: Above the Mt. Mangart Alpine tool road, just after the bridge over 'Mangartski potok' stream, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comments: More than 30 plants have been growing on this unusual place. Most of them were recognized as Dactylorhiza majalis ssp. majalis (pictures 10 through 14) although many plants showed large variability and could be determine only as Dactylorhiza majalis agg, while the plant on pictures 18 and 19 is a hybrid, possibly with Dactilorhiza lapponica (among other possibilities) (Ref.:1), which has also been found at the same place. Such are smaller plants in the group shown on picture 17.The habitat is very unusual (picture 20). Usually Dactylorhiza majalis ssp. majalis grows on acid, wet grassland and marches. This place was much different. It was totally wiped off all soil, all vegetation, including trees and a section of Mt. Mangart's Alpine tool road fifteen years ago by a huge rockslide (estimated to 1.000.000 m3 of material), which destroyed and damaged 25 houses of the village Log pod Mangartom and took seven human lives 1.000 m lower at the bottom of the Koritnica valley. A new section of the road has been built and its quite steep, unstable and at that time totally barren banks have been fixed by iron mesh (the mash can be seen on picture 17). And yet, a portion of such a devastated place is today full of rare and protected orchids! Protected according to 'Uredba o zavarovanih prostoiveih rastlinskih vrstah'Url. RS, t. 46/2004 (Regulation of protection of wild growing plants, Official Gazette of Republic Slovenia, No.:46/2004). Enlisted in the Slovene Red List of rare and endangered species, marked by "V" representing a vulnerable species.Ref.:(1) Personal communication and confirmation of identification by Mr. Branko Dolinar.(2) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije, Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007) (in Slovene), p 771. (3) H. Kretzschmar, Die Orchideen Deutschlands und grenzender Lander, Quelle & Meyer (2008), p 94.(4) H. Baumann, S. Kuenkele, R. Lorenz, Orchideen Europas, Ulmer (2006), p 53. (5) B. Dolinar, Kukavievke v Sloveniji (Orchids in Slovenia), Pipinova Knjiga (2015) (in Slovenian), p 49.

Dactylorhiza majalis ssp. majalis (Rchb,) Hunt Summerh., syn.: Orchis latifolia nomen ambiguum, Dactylorhiza comosa (Scop.) Sell.Western Marsh Orchid, DE: Breitblattrige FingerwurzSlo.: majska prstasta kukavicaDat.: June 6. 2015Lat.: 46.42545 Long.: 13.59906Code: Bot_884/2015_IMG8162Picture file names: from Dactylorhiza-majalis-ssp-majalis_raw_10 to Dactylorhiza-majalis-ssp-majalis_raw_20.Habitat: steep, northwest oriented mountain slope, road side; loosely settled shallow scree, sand and stones with not much organic matter; quite humid place only sparsely overgrown; open, sunny place; calcareous bedrock; exposed to direct rain, elevation 1,150 m (3.800 feet), average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 4 - 6 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: sandy, skeletal, shallow soil.Place: Above the Mt. Mangart Alpine tool road, just after the bridge over 'Mangartski potok' stream, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comments: More than 30 plants have been growing on this unusual place. Most of them were recognized as Dactylorhiza majalis ssp. majalis (pictures 10 through 14) although many plants showed large variability and could be determine only as Dactylorhiza majalis agg, while the plant on pictures 18 and 19 is a hybrid, possibly with Dactilorhiza lapponica (among other possibilities) (Ref.:1), which has also been found at the same place. Such are smaller plants in the group shown on picture 17.The habitat is very unusual (picture 20). Usually Dactylorhiza majalis ssp. majalis grows on acid, wet grassland and marches. This place was much different. It was totally wiped off all soil, all vegetation, including trees and a section of Mt. Mangart's Alpine tool road fifteen years ago by a huge rockslide (estimated to 1.000.000 m3 of material), which destroyed and damaged 25 houses of the village Log pod Mangartom and took seven human lives 1.000 m lower at the bottom of the Koritnica valley. A new section of the road has been built and its quite steep, unstable and at that time totally barren banks have been fixed by iron mesh (the mash can be seen on picture 17). And yet, a portion of such a devastated place is today full of rare and protected orchids! Protected according to 'Uredba o zavarovanih prostoiveih rastlinskih vrstah'Url. RS, t. 46/2004 (Regulation of protection of wild growing plants, Official Gazette of Republic Slovenia, No.:46/2004). Enlisted in the Slovene Red List of rare and endangered species, marked by "V" representing a vulnerable species.Ref.:(1) Personal communication and confirmation of identification by Mr. Branko Dolinar.(2) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije, Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007) (in Slovene), p 771. (3) H. Kretzschmar, Die Orchideen Deutschlands und grenzender Lander, Quelle & Meyer (2008), p 94.(4) H. Baumann, S. Kuenkele, R. Lorenz, Orchideen Europas, Ulmer (2006), p 53. (5) B. Dolinar, Kukavievke v Sloveniji (Orchids in Slovenia), Pipinova Knjiga (2015) (in Slovenian), p 49.

Dactylorhiza majalis ssp. majalis (Rchb,) Hunt Summerh., syn.: Orchis latifolia nomen ambiguum, Dactylorhiza comosa (Scop.) Sell.Western Marsh Orchid, DE: Breitblattrige FingerwurzSlo.: majska prstasta kukavicaDat.: June 06. 2012Lat.: 46.34647 Long.: 13.98599Code: Bot_627/2012_DSC3925Habitat: Alpine high marsh, grassland, flat terrain, acid ground, full sun, exposed to direct precipitations, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 3-5 deg C, elevation 1.215 m (4.000 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: humid soil.Place: Pokljuka flats, near the road from Gorjue villatge to Mrzli studenc place, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comments: Dactylorhiza majalisis a very variable species having several subspecies described, which taxonomy meaning is still disputed. Fortunately, only generally accepted subspecies 'majalis' is known in Slovenia. The species also often forms hybrids, not only with several species of its own genus, but also with members of genera Coeloglossum, Nigritella and Gymnadenia. Thus encounters with plants, which are not simple to be determined, are quite frequent. Generally one can find it almost in all European countries growing from plains up to 2.000 m elevation. It is not really a rare plant, but also not a common one. The seeds of this orchid contain no nutrition (endosperm) for the embryo. Thus, germination can take place only by means of infection with a root fungus, which provides initial nutrition.Dactylorhiza majalis loves marches and acid ground. Since these habitats are quickly disappearing from our world, at least at lower elevations, or because of the entry of nitrogen via fertilizers in them, it is highly endangered. Plants photographed were growing in a group of about twenty.Protected according to 'Uredba o zavarovanih prosto iveih rastlinskih vrstah' Ur.l. RS, t.46/2004 (Regulation on protected wild plants, Official gazette of Republic of Slovenia, No. 46/2004).Enlisted in the Slovene Red List of rare and endangered species, marked by "V" representing a vulnerable species.Ref.:(1) H. Baumann, S. Kuenkele, R. Lorenz, Orchideen Europas, Ulmer (2006), p 53. (2) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije, Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007) (in Slovene), p 771. (3) M.A. Fischer, W. Adler, K. Oswald, Exkursionsflora sterreich Liechtenstein, Sdtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 1040.(4) H. Haeupler, T. Muer, Bildatlas der Farn- und Bltenpflazen Deutschlands, Ulmer (2000), p 714.

Dactylorhiza majalis ssp. majalis (Rchb,) Hunt Summerh., syn.: Orchis latifolia nomen ambiguum, Dactylorhiza comosa (Scop.) Sell.Western Marsh Orchid, DE: Breitblattrige FingerwurzSlo.: majska prstasta kukavicaDat.: June 06. 2012Lat.: 46.34647 Long.: 13.98599Code: Bot_627/2012_DSC3925Habitat: Alpine high marsh, grassland, flat terrain, acid ground, full sun, exposed to direct precipitations, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 3-5 deg C, elevation 1.215 m (4.000 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: humid soil.Place: Pokljuka flats, near the road from Gorjue villatge to Mrzli studenc place, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comments: Dactylorhiza majalisis a very variable species having several subspecies described, which taxonomy meaning is still disputed. Fortunately, only generally accepted subspecies 'majalis' is known in Slovenia. The species also often forms hybrids, not only with several species of its own genus, but also with members of genera Coeloglossum, Nigritella and Gymnadenia. Thus encounters with plants, which are not simple to be determined, are quite frequent. Generally one can find it almost in all European countries growing from plains up to 2.000 m elevation. It is not really a rare plant, but also not a common one. The seeds of this orchid contain no nutrition (endosperm) for the embryo. Thus, germination can take place only by means of infection with a root fungus, which provides initial nutrition.Dactylorhiza majalis loves marches and acid ground. Since these habitats are quickly disappearing from our world, at least at lower elevations, or because of the entry of nitrogen via fertilizers in them, it is highly endangered. Plants photographed were growing in a group of about twenty.Protected according to 'Uredba o zavarovanih prosto iveih rastlinskih vrstah' Ur.l. RS, t.46/2004 (Regulation on protected wild plants, Official gazette of Republic of Slovenia, No. 46/2004).Enlisted in the Slovene Red List of rare and endangered species, marked by "V" representing a vulnerable species.Ref.:(1) H. Baumann, S. Kuenkele, R. Lorenz, Orchideen Europas, Ulmer (2006), p 53. (2) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije, Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007) (in Slovene), p 771. (3) M.A. Fischer, W. Adler, K. Oswald, Exkursionsflora sterreich Liechtenstein, Sdtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 1040.(4) H. Haeupler, T. Muer, Bildatlas der Farn- und Bltenpflazen Deutschlands, Ulmer (2000), p 714.

Dactylorhiza majalis ssp. majalis (Rchb,) Hunt Summerh., syn.: Orchis latifolia nomen ambiguum, Dactylorhiza comosa (Scop.) Sell.Western Marsh Orchid, DE: Breitblattrige FingerwurzSlo.: majska prstasta kukavicaDat.: June 06. 2012Lat.: 46.34647 Long.: 13.98599Code: Bot_627/2012_DSC3925Habitat: Alpine high marsh, grassland, flat terrain, acid ground, full sun, exposed to direct precipitations, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 3-5 deg C, elevation 1.215 m (4.000 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: humid soil.Place: Pokljuka flats, near the road from Gorjue villatge to Mrzli studenc place, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comments: Dactylorhiza majalisis a very variable species having several subspecies described, which taxonomy meaning is still disputed. Fortunately, only generally accepted subspecies 'majalis' is known in Slovenia. The species also often forms hybrids, not only with several species of its own genus, but also with members of genera Coeloglossum, Nigritella and Gymnadenia. Thus encounters with plants, which are not simple to be determined, are quite frequent. Generally one can find it almost in all European countries growing from plains up to 2.000 m elevation. It is not really a rare plant, but also not a common one. The seeds of this orchid contain no nutrition (endosperm) for the embryo. Thus, germination can take place only by means of infection with a root fungus, which provides initial nutrition.Dactylorhiza majalis loves marches and acid ground. Since these habitats are quickly disappearing from our world, at least at lower elevations, or because of the entry of nitrogen via fertilizers in them, it is highly endangered. Plants photographed were growing in a group of about twenty.Protected according to 'Uredba o zavarovanih prosto iveih rastlinskih vrstah' Ur.l. RS, t.46/2004 (Regulation on protected wild plants, Official gazette of Republic of Slovenia, No. 46/2004).Enlisted in the Slovene Red List of rare and endangered species, marked by "V" representing a vulnerable species.Ref.:(1) H. Baumann, S. Kuenkele, R. Lorenz, Orchideen Europas, Ulmer (2006), p 53. (2) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije, Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007) (in Slovene), p 771. (3) M.A. Fischer, W. Adler, K. Oswald, Exkursionsflora sterreich Liechtenstein, Sdtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 1040.(4) H. Haeupler, T. Muer, Bildatlas der Farn- und Bltenpflazen Deutschlands, Ulmer (2000), p 714.

Dactylorhiza majalis ssp. majalis (Rchb,) Hunt Summerh., syn.: Orchis latifolia nomen ambiguum, Dactylorhiza comosa (Scop.) Sell.Western Marsh Orchid, DE: Breitblattrige FingerwurzSlo.: majska prstasta kukavicaDat.: June 6. 2015Lat.: 46.42545 Long.: 13.59906Code: Bot_884/2015_IMG8162Picture file names: from Dactylorhiza-majalis-ssp-majalis_raw_10 to Dactylorhiza-majalis-ssp-majalis_raw_20.Habitat: steep, northwest oriented mountain slope, road side; loosely settled shallow scree, sand and stones with not much organic matter; quite humid place only sparsely overgrown; open, sunny place; calcareous bedrock; exposed to direct rain, elevation 1,150 m (3.800 feet), average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 4 - 6 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: sandy, skeletal, shallow soil.Place: Above the Mt. Mangart Alpine tool road, just after the bridge over 'Mangartski potok' stream, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comments: More than 30 plants have been growing on this unusual place. Most of them were recognized as Dactylorhiza majalis ssp. majalis (pictures 10 through 14) although many plants showed large variability and could be determine only as Dactylorhiza majalis agg, while the plant on pictures 18 and 19 is a hybrid, possibly with Dactilorhiza lapponica (among other possibilities) (Ref.:1), which has also been found at the same place. Such are smaller plants in the group shown on picture 17.The habitat is very unusual (picture 20). Usually Dactylorhiza majalis ssp. majalis grows on acid, wet grassland and marches. This place was much different. It was totally wiped off all soil, all vegetation, including trees and a section of Mt. Mangart's Alpine tool road fifteen years ago by a huge rockslide (estimated to 1.000.000 m3 of material), which destroyed and damaged 25 houses of the village Log pod Mangartom and took seven human lives 1.000 m lower at the bottom of the Koritnica valley. A new section of the road has been built and its quite steep, unstable and at that time totally barren banks have been fixed by iron mesh (the mash can be seen on picture 17). And yet, a portion of such a devastated place is today full of rare and protected orchids! Protected according to 'Uredba o zavarovanih prostoiveih rastlinskih vrstah'Url. RS, t. 46/2004 (Regulation of protection of wild growing plants, Official Gazette of Republic Slovenia, No.:46/2004). Enlisted in the Slovene Red List of rare and endangered species, marked by "V" representing a vulnerable species.Ref.:(1) Personal communication and confirmation of identification by Mr. Branko Dolinar.(2) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije, Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007) (in Slovene), p 771. (3) H. Kretzschmar, Die Orchideen Deutschlands und grenzender Lander, Quelle & Meyer (2008), p 94.(4) H. Baumann, S. Kuenkele, R. Lorenz, Orchideen Europas, Ulmer (2006), p 53. (5) B. Dolinar, Kukavievke v Sloveniji (Orchids in Slovenia), Pipinova Knjiga (2015) (in Slovenian), p 49.

Dactylorhiza majalis ssp. majalis (Rchb,) Hunt Summerh., syn.: Orchis latifolia nomen ambiguum, Dactylorhiza comosa (Scop.) Sell.Western Marsh Orchid, DE: Breitblattrige FingerwurzSlo.: majska prstasta kukavicaDat.: June 6. 2015Lat.: 46.42545 Long.: 13.59906Code: Bot_884/2015_IMG8162Picture file names: from Dactylorhiza-majalis-ssp-majalis_raw_10 to Dactylorhiza-majalis-ssp-majalis_raw_20.Habitat: steep, northwest oriented mountain slope, road side; loosely settled shallow scree, sand and stones with not much organic matter; quite humid place only sparsely overgrown; open, sunny place; calcareous bedrock; exposed to direct rain, elevation 1,150 m (3.800 feet), average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 4 - 6 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: sandy, skeletal, shallow soil.Place: Above the Mt. Mangart Alpine tool road, just after the bridge over 'Mangartski potok' stream, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comments: More than 30 plants have been growing on this unusual place. Most of them were recognized as Dactylorhiza majalis ssp. majalis (pictures 10 through 14) although many plants showed large variability and could be determine only as Dactylorhiza majalis agg, while the plant on pictures 18 and 19 is a hybrid, possibly with Dactilorhiza lapponica (among other possibilities) (Ref.:1), which has also been found at the same place. Such are smaller plants in the group shown on picture 17.The habitat is very unusual (picture 20). Usually Dactylorhiza majalis ssp. majalis grows on acid, wet grassland and marches. This place was much different. It was totally wiped off all soil, all vegetation, including trees and a section of Mt. Mangart's Alpine tool road fifteen years ago by a huge rockslide (estimated to 1.000.000 m3 of material), which destroyed and damaged 25 houses of the village Log pod Mangartom and took seven human lives 1.000 m lower at the bottom of the Koritnica valley. A new section of the road has been built and its quite steep, unstable and at that time totally barren banks have been fixed by iron mesh (the mash can be seen on picture 17). And yet, a portion of such a devastated place is today full of rare and protected orchids! Protected according to 'Uredba o zavarovanih prostoiveih rastlinskih vrstah'Url. RS, t. 46/2004 (Regulation of protection of wild growing plants, Official Gazette of Republic Slovenia, No.:46/2004). Enlisted in the Slovene Red List of rare and endangered species, marked by "V" representing a vulnerable species.Ref.:(1) Personal communication and confirmation of identification by Mr. Branko Dolinar.(2) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije, Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007) (in Slovene), p 771. (3) H. Kretzschmar, Die Orchideen Deutschlands und grenzender Lander, Quelle & Meyer (2008), p 94.(4) H. Baumann, S. Kuenkele, R. Lorenz, Orchideen Europas, Ulmer (2006), p 53. (5) B. Dolinar, Kukavievke v Sloveniji (Orchids in Slovenia), Pipinova Knjiga (2015) (in Slovenian), p 49.

Dactylorhiza majalis ssp. majalis (Rchb,) Hunt Summerh., syn.: Orchis latifolia nomen ambiguum, Dactylorhiza comosa (Scop.) Sell.Western Marsh Orchid, DE: Breitblattrige FingerwurzSlo.: majska prstasta kukavicaDat.: June 6. 2015Lat.: 46.42545 Long.: 13.59906Code: Bot_884/2015_IMG8162Picture file names: from Dactylorhiza-majalis-ssp-majalis_raw_10 to Dactylorhiza-majalis-ssp-majalis_raw_20.Habitat: steep, northwest oriented mountain slope, road side; loosely settled shallow scree, sand and stones with not much organic matter; quite humid place only sparsely overgrown; open, sunny place; calcareous bedrock; exposed to direct rain, elevation 1,150 m (3.800 feet), average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 4 - 6 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: sandy, skeletal, shallow soil.Place: Above the Mt. Mangart Alpine tool road, just after the bridge over 'Mangartski potok' stream, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comments: More than 30 plants have been growing on this unusual place. Most of them were recognized as Dactylorhiza majalis ssp. majalis (pictures 10 through 14) although many plants showed large variability and could be determine only as Dactylorhiza majalis agg, while the plant on pictures 18 and 19 is a hybrid, possibly with Dactilorhiza lapponica (among other possibilities) (Ref.:1), which has also been found at the same place. Such are smaller plants in the group shown on picture 17.The habitat is very unusual (picture 20). Usually Dactylorhiza majalis ssp. majalis grows on acid, wet grassland and marches. This place was much different. It was totally wiped off all soil, all vegetation, including trees and a section of Mt. Mangart's Alpine tool road fifteen years ago by a huge rockslide (estimated to 1.000.000 m3 of material), which destroyed and damaged 25 houses of the village Log pod Mangartom and took seven human lives 1.000 m lower at the bottom of the Koritnica valley. A new section of the road has been built and its quite steep, unstable and at that time totally barren banks have been fixed by iron mesh (the mash can be seen on picture 17). And yet, a portion of such a devastated place is today full of rare and protected orchids! Protected according to 'Uredba o zavarovanih prostoiveih rastlinskih vrstah'Url. RS, t. 46/2004 (Regulation of protection of wild growing plants, Official Gazette of Republic Slovenia, No.:46/2004). Enlisted in the Slovene Red List of rare and endangered species, marked by "V" representing a vulnerable species.Ref.:(1) Personal communication and confirmation of identification by Mr. Branko Dolinar.(2) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije, Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007) (in Slovene), p 771. (3) H. Kretzschmar, Die Orchideen Deutschlands und grenzender Lander, Quelle & Meyer (2008), p 94.(4) H. Baumann, S. Kuenkele, R. Lorenz, Orchideen Europas, Ulmer (2006), p 53. (5) B. Dolinar, Kukavievke v Sloveniji (Orchids in Slovenia), Pipinova Knjiga (2015) (in Slovenian), p 49.

Dactylorhiza majalis ssp. majalis (Rchb,) Hunt Summerh., syn.: Orchis latifolia nomen ambiguum, Dactylorhiza comosa (Scop.) Sell.Western Marsh Orchid, DE: Breitblattrige FingerwurzSlo.: majska prstasta kukavicaDat.: June 6. 2015Lat.: 46.42545 Long.: 13.59906Code: Bot_884/2015_IMG8162Picture file names: from Dactylorhiza-majalis-ssp-majalis_raw_10 to Dactylorhiza-majalis-ssp-majalis_raw_20.Habitat: steep, northwest oriented mountain slope, road side; loosely settled shallow scree, sand and stones with not much organic matter; quite humid place only sparsely overgrown; open, sunny place; calcareous bedrock; exposed to direct rain, elevation 1,150 m (3.800 feet), average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 4 - 6 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: sandy, skeletal, shallow soil.Place: Above the Mt. Mangart Alpine tool road, just after the bridge over 'Mangartski potok' stream, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comments: More than 30 plants have been growing on this unusual place. Most of them were recognized as Dactylorhiza majalis ssp. majalis (pictures 10 through 14) although many plants showed large variability and could be determine only as Dactylorhiza majalis agg, while the plant on pictures 18 and 19 is a hybrid, possibly with Dactilorhiza lapponica (among other possibilities) (Ref.:1), which has also been found at the same place. Such are smaller plants in the group shown on picture 17.The habitat is very unusual (picture 20). Usually Dactylorhiza majalis ssp. majalis grows on acid, wet grassland and marches. This place was much different. It was totally wiped off all soil, all vegetation, including trees and a section of Mt. Mangart's Alpine tool road fifteen years ago by a huge rockslide (estimated to 1.000.000 m3 of material), which destroyed and damaged 25 houses of the village Log pod Mangartom and took seven human lives 1.000 m lower at the bottom of the Koritnica valley. A new section of the road has been built and its quite steep, unstable and at that time totally barren banks have been fixed by iron mesh (the mash can be seen on picture 17). And yet, a portion of such a devastated place is today full of rare and protected orchids! Protected according to 'Uredba o zavarovanih prostoiveih rastlinskih vrstah'Url. RS, t. 46/2004 (Regulation of protection of wild growing plants, Official Gazette of Republic Slovenia, No.:46/2004). Enlisted in the Slovene Red List of rare and endangered species, marked by "V" representing a vulnerable species.Ref.:(1) Personal communication and confirmation of identification by Mr. Branko Dolinar.(2) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije, Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007) (in Slovene), p 771. (3) H. Kretzschmar, Die Orchideen Deutschlands und grenzender Lander, Quelle & Meyer (2008), p 94.(4) H. Baumann, S. Kuenkele, R. Lorenz, Orchideen Europas, Ulmer (2006), p 53. (5) B. Dolinar, Kukavievke v Sloveniji (Orchids in Slovenia), Pipinova Knjiga (2015) (in Slovenian), p 49.

www.eol.org/pages/1294754also used in: www.rtvnoord.nl/nieuws/nieuws.asp?pid=91859

Dactylorhiza majalis ssp. majalis (Rchb,) Hunt Summerh., syn.: Orchis latifolia nomen ambiguum, Dactylorhiza comosa (Scop.) Sell.Western Marsh Orchid, DE: Breitblattrige FingerwurzSlo.: majska prstasta kukavicaDat.: June 6. 2015Lat.: 46.42545 Long.: 13.59906Code: Bot_884/2015_IMG8162Picture file names: from Dactylorhiza-majalis-ssp-majalis_raw_10 to Dactylorhiza-majalis-ssp-majalis_raw_20.Habitat: steep, northwest oriented mountain slope, road side; loosely settled shallow scree, sand and stones with not much organic matter; quite humid place only sparsely overgrown; open, sunny place; calcareous bedrock; exposed to direct rain, elevation 1,150 m (3.800 feet), average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 4 - 6 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: sandy, skeletal, shallow soil.Place: Above the Mt. Mangart Alpine tool road, just after the bridge over 'Mangartski potok' stream, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comments: More than 30 plants have been growing on this unusual place. Most of them were recognized as Dactylorhiza majalis ssp. majalis (pictures 10 through 14) although many plants showed large variability and could be determine only as Dactylorhiza majalis agg, while the plant on pictures 18 and 19 is a hybrid, possibly with Dactilorhiza lapponica (among other possibilities) (Ref.:1), which has also been found at the same place. Such are smaller plants in the group shown on picture 17.The habitat is very unusual (picture 20). Usually Dactylorhiza majalis ssp. majalis grows on acid, wet grassland and marches. This place was much different. It was totally wiped off all soil, all vegetation, including trees and a section of Mt. Mangart's Alpine tool road fifteen years ago by a huge rockslide (estimated to 1.000.000 m3 of material), which destroyed and damaged 25 houses of the village Log pod Mangartom and took seven human lives 1.000 m lower at the bottom of the Koritnica valley. A new section of the road has been built and its quite steep, unstable and at that time totally barren banks have been fixed by iron mesh (the mash can be seen on picture 17). And yet, a portion of such a devastated place is today full of rare and protected orchids! Protected according to 'Uredba o zavarovanih prostoiveih rastlinskih vrstah'Url. RS, t. 46/2004 (Regulation of protection of wild growing plants, Official Gazette of Republic Slovenia, No.:46/2004). Enlisted in the Slovene Red List of rare and endangered species, marked by "V" representing a vulnerable species.Ref.:(1) Personal communication and confirmation of identification by Mr. Branko Dolinar.(2) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije, Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007) (in Slovene), p 771. (3) H. Kretzschmar, Die Orchideen Deutschlands und grenzender Lander, Quelle & Meyer (2008), p 94.(4) H. Baumann, S. Kuenkele, R. Lorenz, Orchideen Europas, Ulmer (2006), p 53. (5) B. Dolinar, Kukavievke v Sloveniji (Orchids in Slovenia), Pipinova Knjiga (2015) (in Slovenian), p 49.