California Fetid Adderstongue

R. Y. Berg (1959) demonstrated for Scoliopus bigelovii (and his findings also apply to S. hallii) that a single flower functions as three independent pollination units, a feature usually associated with Iris (F. H. Utech 1992).

Stems 6–20 cm. Leaves 2–3(–4), petiolate; blade often mottled with purple, elliptic to oblong, 14–24 × 4.5–8 cm. Flowers 3–12; outer tepals mottled with green and purple, ovate-lanceolate, 12.5–19 mm; inner tepals linear-subulate, 11.5–19 × 0.5 mm; filaments 2.3–4.3 mm; anthers 2–2.8 mm; style 4.5–6 mm; stigmas strongly recurved; pedicel strongly recurved in fruit, 11–22 cm. Capsules 22–30 × 6–9 mm, including beak. 2n = 16.

Calif.

Flowering late winter--early spring.

Redwood and coastal coniferous forests, mossy mountain stream banks, shaded slopes; 0--500m.